{
  "id": "gb-hybrid-work-income",
  "title": "Hybrid work has an income gap — even within broad occupation groups.",
  "description": "ONS survey estimates for Great Britain, 8 January–30 March 2025, show higher hybrid-work shares in the £50,000-and-over personal-income band than in the up-to-£20,000 band across four broad occupation groups. Published uncertainty intervals and small-sample cautions are shown.",
  "sourceReleaseDate": "2025-06-11",
  "periodStart": "2025-01-08",
  "periodEnd": "2025-03-30",
  "sourceCapturedUTC": "2026-10-22",
  "geography": "Great Britain",
  "population": "Working adults aged16and over; ONS OPN definition includes paid/casual and unpaid/voluntary work",
  "units": "Percent of each occupation × personal annual gross income subgroup; intervals are percentage values",
  "selection": "Four broad occupations identified by ONS as most common for hybrid work; two extreme income bands only",
  "incomeBands": [
    "Up to £20,000",
    "£50,000 and over"
  ],
  "rows": 8,
  "pairedRows": 4,
  "fullTable1Rows": 224,
  "sourceWorkbookSHA256": "3d2ce76054548b9c3251de38add285209c757d72344e3737dc9bc74a3fef0f67",
  "sourceArticleSHA256": "4a1417a1f09d931ad992ea2d83838544c6c763c0ef0c35c128f0823bd419a7e0",
  "methods": [
    "Weighted Opinions and Lifestyle Survey estimates for working adults aged16 and over living in Great Britain,8January–30March2025; release11June2025. These are historical survey-period figures, not currentOctober2026 rates.",
    "Hybrid means Yes to both worked from home and travelled to work in the previous seven days. The measure includes regular and irregular patterns; respondents answering Don’t know or Prefer not to say to either question are excluded. The denominator includes the employed-but-did-not-work category.",
    "Personal annual gross income is self-reported and includes earnings, pensions, benefits, savings, investments and property income. It is neither salary alone nor equivalised household income.",
    "Use the workbook label Up to £20,000 for the lower band and £50,000 and over for the higher band. The bulletin prose describes the lower band as under£20,000; the chart retains the exact published workbook label without inventing an endpoint interpretation.",
    "Select the four broad SOC occupation groups identified in the ONS bulletin as having the highest hybrid-work shares. These are broad groups, not matched employees or the same job. Income, occupation and working arrangements are self-reported. This descriptive comparison does not establish an income effect or explain causes.",
    "Point estimates and95% confidence intervals are copied unchanged from Table_1 columnsD–F. Sample sizes are copied from columnG and rounded by ONS to the nearest10. Sample size is the subgroup denominator, not the number of hybrid respondents. Estimates based on30or fewer should be treated with caution: lower-income managers and higher-income administrative/secretarial groups both show30.",
    "Confidence intervals are displayed for each estimate. Associate professional intervals overlap:13–33% and32–56%. No claim that all four differences are statistically significant; no confidence interval for a difference is calculated. Point gaps30/26/21/46percentagepoints subtract rounded estimates only.",
    "The tidy chart CSV has8observations. The paired CSV has4occupation rows with both estimates, intervals, sample sizes, source coordinates and point gaps. The full Table_1 extract has224rows and retains suppression markers as strings; none of the8selected observations is suppressed. No missing values are filled, no estimates reweighted, and no interpolation is performed.",
    "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: Office for National Statistics, Opinions and Lifestyle Survey,11June2025. Chart and selection by Meplar; no ONS endorsement implied. No ONS logo, photograph or third-party illustration reused."
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "ONS, Who has access to hybrid work in Great Britain? Section4 and glossary",
      "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/whohasaccesstohybridworkingreatbritain/2025-06-11"
    },
    {
      "name": "ONS supplementary tables, Table_1; cover and notes",
      "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=%2Femploymentandlabourmarket%2Fpeopleinwork%2Femploymentandemployeetypes%2Fdatasets%2Fwhohasaccesstohybridworkingingreatbritainsupplementarytables%2Fcurrent%2Fhybridsupplementary8januaryto30march2025.xlsx"
    },
    {
      "name": "ONS dataset release page",
      "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/datasets/whohasaccesstohybridworkingingreatbritainsupplementarytables"
    },
    {
      "name": "ONS terms and reuse policy",
      "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/help/terms-conditions"
    }
  ],
  "license": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "licenceVerification": "Official ONS terms and footer identify OGLv3. The NationalArchives licence page returned403 in webreader and was not retried.",
  "rendering": {
    "desktopSVG": [
      1200,
      1120
    ],
    "desktopPNG": [
      1800,
      1680
    ],
    "mobileSVG": [
      400,
      1410
    ],
    "mobilePNG": [
      800,
      2820
    ],
    "renderer": "Existing Mac mini librsvg; system sans-serif fonts; no new dependency"
  }
}